Issue 1(24) 2013

Annotations and key words. Issue 1(24) 2013.

1. Linguistic and Cultural Worldviews

from the Synchronic and Diachronic Perspectives

Gorlova, Liudmila; Postgraduate Student; Oguy, Alexander, Ph. D., Professor (Chernovitsy National University named for Yuri Fed’kovich, Urkaine)

Development of the Concepts “Politeness” and “Decency” as Components of the Ethical Category of “Etiquette” in the German Language Worldview

The article is dedicated to the development of the concepts of “politeness” and “decency” in German. It operates with such key notions as “language picture of the world”, “conceptual picture of the world”, “concept”, “lexical-semantic group”, “politeness”, “decency”, and “etiquette”. Analysis of literary sources has revealed what language means are used to express the concepts under study in the history of their development.

concept, politeness, decency, etiquette

Karpakova, Tatiana, Ph. D., Associate Professor

(Ryasan State University named for S. Esenin, Ryazan, Russia)

Folk Calendar as a Reflection of Ethnic Cultural Mentality

The paper examines the culture-based peculiarities of sayings that have entered the stock of the French language. Focus is made on the units of national mentality which shape the so-called folk calendar and are allegedly indicative of good or bad weather and other aspects of everyday life. The material under discussion contained sayings with dialectal or archaic components or neologisms.

linguocultural studies, ethno-specific nominations, semantic aspect, church symbols, assonance, lexicographic sources

Kutyeva, Marina, Ph. D., Associate Professor (People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow)

The Wolf as an Ethnocultural Archetypical Symbol in Russian and Spanish Verbal Mentality

The article focuses on the identification of functional-semantic and communicative potential of the word

«wolf» / «lobo» in Russian and Spanish, on the analysis of the similarities and differences in the implementation of its metaphorical meanings, which are considered on the material of actual everyday speech and phraseology. This word has become an important general cultural symbol. Symbolism and figurative semantics of the word wolf are undergoing a considerable transformation in the verbal mentality of Russian and Spanish native speakers. The changes are caused by cinema, television, mass media, and popular literature.

волк / lobo (wolf), archetype, symbol, allegory, idiom, connotation, metaphor

Potapova, Svetlana, Ph. D., Professor

(International Academy of Business and New Technologies, Yaroslavl’, Russia)

From «Schumi» to «Mercozy», or What German Nicknames of Public Figures May Suggest

«Der eiserne Kanzler» (about Otto von Bismarck) or «Schumi» (referring to the well-known car-racer Michael Schumacher) – such samples of informal nomination have been used since time immemorial in various language communities. The article offers a study of contemporary nicknames of prominent public figures in modern German.

nickname, nomination, nominative chains, culture-specific allusions, motivation for attributing a nickname to a public figure

Shemchuk, Yulia, Ph. D.

(Sholokhov Moscow State University for Humanities)

Variants in the Youth Sociolect as a Problem of Variology

In modern language science there has appeared a branch of linguistics that studies the phenomena of language variability: variology. The article under consideration deals with the phenomena of language variability in the youth sociolect. The problem of variability is illustrated by the examples of variants of spelling and word-formation. Widely-used concepts may give rise to a number of derivation variants, which form pairs, or even groups, of variants, distinguished by the presence of absence of a certain word-building affix. The material under analysis has shown that the most popular and, therefore, frequent lexemes are those that express the highest degree of quality. These form pairs and groups of word-building variants. Variants in the youth sociolect can perform both euphemistic and dysphemistic functions. Some variants pass from youth sociolect into everyday language.

vocabulary, variant, variability, variology, renaming, sociolect, youth sociolect, slang, word-formation, German

1. Localization of Speech Intention in Various Kinds of Discourse

Kykot’, Valery, Ph. D., Associate Professor

(East-European University of Economics and Management, Cherkassy, Ukraine)

Title, Poetic Implied Sense and Translation

The article considers the role of the title in shaping the implied message of a poem. The author maintains that, unless it is fully interpreted by the translator, no adequate translation can be achieved. It is especially vital in cases when the implied message depends on the semantic changes the title undergoes, thus contributing to the imagery of the verse, or when a prospectively positive title conveys a retrospectively negative sense. Hypersemantization of the title also occurs when the nominative meaning clashes with the contextually imposed meanings (content-factual information), when the title acquires retrospective ambivalence on the superlinear level or when it participates in distant repetition.

title, implied sense, image, name semantics, perspective positive title, retrospective sense, title hypersemantization, retrospective ambivalence, superlinear level, distant repetition, poetic translation, adequate translation

Stepanov, Valentin, Ph. D., Professor

(International Academy of Business and New Technologies, Yaroslavl’, Russia)

Nomination of the Speaker’s Communicative Intention and Pragmatic Ways of Localizing it in Spontaneous Speech

The paper focuses on examining speech intentions, which are expressed with a variety of pragmatic localizers (pauses of different kinds) and lexical-pragmatic localizers (pivotal words). Localizers make it possible to identify a word combination as a speech means of propositional nomination of the speaker’s communicative purpose.

Communication, speech, sign, word, word combination, speaker, intention, pragmatics, pause, localizer, nomination, predication

• Psycholinguistic and Didactic Issues of Teaching Foreign Languages and Translation

Zavyalova, Alina, Ph. D., Associate Professor

(Baikal State Un-ty of Economics and Law, Irkutsk, Russia)

In Search of Effective Language Teaching Strategies for Additional Education

Currently Russia needs a lot of well-established professionals so the best and the young are trained abroad in order to be the best managers in Russia. But before going abroad they are taking a special Presidential

program of training young managers for Russian companies. The aim of this article is to describe education strategies that have proved effective for this specific type of a learner.

additional education, effective teaching strategies, mature learners, methodological peculiarities of foreign language teaching

Kolesnikov, Andrei, Ph. D., Associate Professor

(Ryasan State University named for S.Esenin, Ryazan, Russia)

The Contribution of the Competence-Based Approach to Tertiary Linguistic Education

The paper offers a vision of a competence as a specific personal characteristic trait of a learner and shows the impact of the competence-focused approach on the goals, objectives, forms and methods of linguistic education

competence, competence-based approach, linguistic education, foreign languages

Mametova, Julia, Postgraduate Student

(Irkutsk State Linguistic University, Irkutsk, Russia)

The role of the Aural Trilingual Comprehension in Teaching Multicultural Professional Communication

This paper is devoted to teaching aural trilingual comprehension as part of multicultural professional communication competence. The author examines the essence of cross-cultural multilingual professional communication and the role of listening comprehension under these conditions. This work discusses and reveals the essence of the terms «cross-cultural multilingual educational communicative situation» and «aural trilingual comprehension».

cross-cultural multilingual professional communication, cross-cultural multilingual educational environment, multicultural multilingual educational communicative situation, aural trilingual comprehension

Pavlova, Anna, Ph. D., Associate Professor (University of Mainz, Germersheim, Germany)

Types of Translation Errors Made by Bilingual Students (exemplified by mistakes made by students of Russian at the Translation Department of University of Mainz)

For effective education of foreign languages, it is necessary to know which kinds of errors students make and the causes of these errors. This article describes error types and causes, depending on the relation between the first and the second languages of three different student groups in the University of Mainz (Germersheim). All the students study Russian as a second language and translate from German into Russian.

1. Confucius Institute: Studies in Teaching Chinese Language and Culture to Foreign Learners

Lin Haiyan, Senior Lecturer

(Changchun University, Changchun, China)

Analysis of Chinese Language Students Pragmatic Mistakes and Ways of Correcting Them

The success of intercultural communication depends to no small extent on the background knowledge about the language, the culture, and the mentality of language users. All these factors have an impact on the accuracy and appropriateness of verbal behaviour in the target language. The inevitable divergence between the background knowledge and cultural presuppositions in different languages brings about linguistic errors, as well as linguocultural mistakes. The paper focuses on the connection between language, culture and mentality in the process of teaching Chinese to foreigners. We shall analyse the typical linguocultural mistakes made by foreign students of Chinese and examine their causes. This will make it possible to suggest some ways of preventing and correcting typical errors that occur in intercultural communication.

background knowledge, communication, linguistic mistakes, linguocultural mistakes, interference

Han Bingshuang, Senior Lecturer (Changchun University, Changchun, China)

Contemporary Methodology of Teaching Chinese Characters and Practical Suggestions to Teachers of Chinese as a Foreign Language

Teaching Chinese characters is an important but rather challenging aspect of Chinese language education. For years Chinese teachers have been following Western models of teaching Chinese literacy to foreigners and, as a result, language education ended up lagging far behind in this respect. The article sums up and analyses the pedagogical experience accumulated in China for many centuries in the sphere of teaching literacy, with the focus on improving the student’s assimilation of Chinese characters.

Chinese characters, pinyin, approaches, methods, culture, history of China

Jin Jihua, Senior Lecturer

(Changchun University, Changchun, China)

A Study of Chinese Culture Curriculum in the Context of the Worldwide Popularization of Chinese Language Acquisition

With the worldwide popularization of Chinese language acquisition, it is extremely urgent to improve the Chinese culture curriculum. The paper aims to research the problems and cruxes of the current Chinese culture curriculum so as to develop feasible suggestions for its improvement.

promotion of the Chinese Language, Chinese culture curriculum, improvement

1. Poetic Translation with the Translator’s Comments

Karpova, Inna, Ph. D., Associate Professor (Tula State Pedagogical University, Tula, Russia)

Linguistic Peculiarities of Translating Russian Poetry into Spanish («I remember, my love, I remember…» by Sergei Yesenin and «Lilichka! Instead of a Letter» by Vladimir Mayakovsky)

The author offers her translation of two Russian poems: «I remember, my love, I remember…» by Sergei Yesenin and «Lilichka! Instead of a Letter» by Vladimir Mayakovsky. She dwells upon the linguistic translation challenges, gives examples of how to employ various translation strategies and explains the reasons for adopting this or that specific strategy.

grammatical and lexical units, translation correspondence, rhyming pattern, transformation, grammatical replacement, specification, generalization, modulation, original, translation